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12 things everyone should know about Katse Dam

16/6/2012

59 Comments

 
Katse Dam, Lesotho
Even if you usually find engineering talk as enticing as imagining your parents having sex (eeuw!), it’s hard to resist the fascination of Lesotho’s Katse dam project once you stand next to the dam wall and discover just how bug-like you are by comparison. It’s even harder not to be impressed when you consider some of these facts that everyone should know.

1. The wall is 185 metres high, 60 metres wide at the base, 9 metres wide at top and curves from side to side as well as from top to bottom, making it one of only 30 double-curved concrete arch dam walls in the world.

2. During the initial excavation, it was discovered that the bedrock was seismically unstable so the clever engineers incorporated a moveable joint in the dam’s base to allow it to flex. How smart is that?

3. It took six years and 2.32 million cubic metres of concrete to build. In fact, a truckload of cement and fly ash, transported by road from Ficksburg, was delivered every 40 minutes during the construction phase.

4. Katse is the second-highest dam in Africa after the Tekeze dam in Ethiopia (185m compared to Tezeke’s 188m). Katse is also one of the world’s ten largest concrete arch dams in terms of volume, with a capacity of nearly 2 billion cubic metres and a surface area of 38.5 square kilometres.
Katse Dam, Lesotho
Katse dam's wall is 185 metres high
5. There’s a series of parallel galleries inside the dam wall that use precision laser instruments to check on the wall’s movement and the dam’s behaviour. The galleries also act as drainage tunnels for water seepage from the mountain. If you go on a tour you’ll discover that it’s cold and damp inside the wall, with white stalactites in the sections that tunnel into the mountain. 

6. Katse dam is the transfer reservoir for the whole Lesotho Highlands Water Project. All the water captured by the different structures (like Mohale Dam, which is connected to Katse by a 32km-long tunnel) flow from it to South Africa via Clarens in the Free State. 
 
7. The Katse dam provides 72 megawatts of electricity for Lesotho.

8. Lesotho earns some R25 million in export revenue every month for supplying South Africa with water.
Katse Dam, Lesotho
View from the top of the wall
9. As a result of the project, Lesotho got 100 kilometres of new tar road and 260 kilometres of new gravel road, while 1000 kilometres of existing gravel road was upgraded. The project also created jobs, especially near Butha-Buthe and the Ash River Outfall near Clarens in the Free State, which is the final stage of the tunnels that take water to Gauteng.

10. The flip-side is that once-remote mountain villages were changed dramatically. Some 20 000 people lost their homes, farmland or communal grazing grounds (although similar-sized new homes were provided elsewhere). But the effects are still being felt today, with some communities that used to share social ties now cut off from each other by the reservoir.

11. Phase 2 was set to begin near Mokhotlong in 2014 and expected to take five to six years before it finally joined with Katse dam via a tunnel. 
 
12. Fish in the dam include trout and indigenous yellow fish. There are some nursery projects for the fish (you can see one not far from the Katse Lodge). Trout are farmed for local consumption and export.
 
Need to know
Tours start from the visitor centre; with its bright blue roof, you can’t miss it. Tours cost R30 per person (in November 2018) and take about an hour, starting at 9:00 and 14:00 during the week, and 9:00, 11:00 and 14:00 on Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays. 

Find the article interesting? Pin this image!
12 things everyone should know about Katse Dam, Lesotho. Here are some of the things you can discover about this engineering feat when you do a tour at Katse Dam. #Africa #Lesotho #Katse
12 things everyone should know about Katse Dam, Lesotho. Here are some of the things you can discover about this engineering feat when you do a tour at Katse Dam. #Africa #Lesotho #Katse
You may also enjoy
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The truth about Katse Lodge in Lesotho
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Copyright © Roxanne Reid - No words or photographs on this site may be used without permission from roxannereid.co.za
59 Comments
Ray Lecolle-Brown
18/11/2013 10:31:04 am

I have visited Katse Dam twice, both times with a group on motorbikes and stayed at one of the houses within their compound and used the dining facilities of the Lodge. Your descriptions of the trip to the Lodge from Caledonspoort reflect the beauty to be seen. Certainly when there is snow, extreme caution is required. We found the self-catering facilities of the houses good and extremely reasonably priced. The Dam Tour is a must, but make sure you follow the tour leader's vehicle, as she did not direct us and we ended up by missing the first tour in the Dam Wall and had to re-schedule. Petrol is a major problem in the Katse Village and when we were there, the one bowser did not have petrol (no money to pay supplier) and we had to search the informal village to find some for the return trip to Caledonspoort (170kms) for our motorbikes.Weather can be very changeable, so extreme care on the passes is necessary.

Reply
Roxanne link
19/11/2013 12:03:47 am

Thanks for your comments, Ray. It's always good to hear about other people's experiences. Interesting about the fuel; we had no problems, but things change all the time! (Anyone else wanting to know more about Katse Lodge should read my other post: http://www.roxannereid.co.za/1/post/2012/06/the-truth-about-katse-lodge.html )

Reply
Robyn
29/3/2014 11:41:29 am

Hi Roxanne,

My husband and I are preparing to go to Lesotho for our anniversary, I have been reading your blog posts every night without fail! I have loved your in-depth and very sensory writing and I cant wait to experience it all for myself! Thank you for this blog!! Keep writing and we will keep reading!

Reply
Roxanne link
29/3/2014 01:26:30 pm

Thanks for the compliments, Robyn. I'm sure you will love Lesotho as much as we do; it's so rustic and beautiful. We've met some super people there too. Enjoy your trip!

Reply
Christiaan Grosskopf
30/3/2025 10:05:35 am

Hi Roxanne - just some updates:
In the mean time, the Tekezi dam has now become the highest dam in Africa (188m high, Ethiopia). Also, Phase 2 construction is now in full swing (Polihali dam and transfer tunnel)

Virash tiloki
17/1/2017 05:52:21 pm

Hi thanks for the info is the tour for the dam wall open on a sunday and wat is the times regards vee 0828681158

Reply
Roxanne
18/1/2017 08:24:38 am

I don't know, Virash, but I Googled it and came up with this website that gives a phone number for the tours, so perhaps you could phone them to find out: http://www.golesotho.co.za/Katse%20Dam.html

Roxanne
30/3/2025 04:41:32 pm

Thanks for these interesting updates, Christiaan.

Reply
Heidi Kilb
2/8/2014 11:08:23 am

I really like your blog

Reply
Pieter
12/1/2015 09:26:03 pm

I worked on this project...it was huge..In December 1996, just as the dam started filling we felt earthquakes daily as the force of the water moved the mountains..Yes, moved the mountains

Reply
Roxanne link
13/1/2015 06:50:10 am

Wow, Pieter, that sounds both intriguing and scary at the same time! Now they're busy with the new Mokhotlong phase, and so it continues.

Reply
Eric Hayman
20/7/2021 11:49:25 am


What was your job on the dam?

As I have said elsewhere here, I worked on the survey for the dam after being manager of the Crocodile Inn at Butha Buthe from 1969 to 1970. I was involved in building access tracks for the drill rigs to determine the interface between the basalt and the sandstone, for where the tunnels to take the water would be driven. I was also instrumental in the construction of the Pelaneng airstrip – now abandoned after the one nearer the Katse Dam was completed. With civil engineer George Hallowes, we lived up in the Maluti Mountains, staying with an Afrikaner trading store keeper at Pelaneng, or in tents. And driving in Land-Rovers over the 1 in 4 rocky Letele Pass.

Another job was constructing triangulation points on which to take theodolite bearings. Building each involved using mules to carry dry concrete and water to the tops in the mountains, erecting a pyramid-shaped former into which to pour the mixed concrete, and inserting a marker pole and vane for visibility.

After my time with Binnie & Partners on the project, I joined the Mines Department on a kimberlite survey – again living in tents (and a caravan) in the Malutis and the lowlands, and using horses and mules.

I have just been looking on Google Maps at the state of the derelict Pelaneng airstrip, and thinking of my work building it. Then I look at the aerial photos of the dam and think – yes, there’s a lot of me in that!

Reply
Oppel Myburgh
1/3/2015 11:14:05 am

Hi do you know if it is illegal or allowed to swim in the dam. And please does anybody know as to the average water temperature of the dam? Many Thx

Reply
Roxanne
3/3/2015 11:58:09 pm

I'm sorry, Oppel, I don't know. I've never seen anyone swim there. I'd think it might be quite cold. You could try asking the hotel mentioned above, or googling the Katze Dam visitor centre and asking them.

Reply
achmed
5/6/2017 02:58:47 pm

I swam there and it was the best time of my life! Nice and warm too!

Reply
Riaan
9/8/2015 06:27:51 am

hi, there is a flyfishing place were the river is entering the katse dam, i saw it on tv, there is accommodation on the hill next to the river. Can you help me with a phone nr to make a reservation ?

Reply
Roxanne
9/8/2015 10:03:23 am

Sorry, Riaan, I have no idea. Perhaps try phoning the Orion Katse Lodge, they may know of it. Tel 086 148 8869.

Or try contacting Lesotho tourism
Tel: +266 22318002
Fax: +266 22310189
Emails: [email protected]
Website: http://visitlesotho.travel/travel/home.aspx

Reply
Mpho Phatela
28/1/2016 03:08:38 pm

Hi Roxanne may i please help to those who wants to take a tour to Katse dam as my mother was working there during the construction of Katse dam

Marius Botha link
28/3/2016 08:47:18 am

Please go to the Lesotho Highland Development Authority website for info at www.lhda.org.ls (we manage and operate the Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP) OR even ho to thst website www.lhwp.org.ls or email our PR section at [email protected]

Reply
Pieter Hugo
6/5/2016 01:18:04 pm

Hi Roxanne, We are travelling as a group of friends and plan to visit Katse and do the tour of the wall. We'll be staying at Camelroc on the SA side of the border. How much time must we allow to travel to be in time for the 09:00 tour? Although it is not very far it apparently is a "slow" road. Thanks, Pieter

Reply
Roxanne
13/5/2016 05:59:23 am

Pieter, I'm afraid I have no idea. Perhaps contact Lesotho Tourism or ask on one of the 4x4 forums like overland.co.za - you'll have to become a member first but they're really helpful.

Reply
bob franklin
10/7/2017 05:00:25 pm

YOU WILL NEED 3 HOURS TO GET THROUGH THE BORDER POST AND THE DRIVE THROUGH THE MOUNTAINS TO BE SURE YOU GET THERE IN TIME.

Reply
Roxanne
10/7/2017 06:40:11 pm

Thanks for this info, Bob.

Robbin
3/7/2016 08:56:35 am

Hi.. My friends would like celebrate my birthday in August at katsi dam how far is it from maputswe bridge as we ftom Johannesburg

Reply
Roxanne
3/7/2016 02:00:03 pm

To be honest, Robbin, I don't know because that's not the way we approached it. I Googled "distance from Ficksburg to Katse Dam" though and it said: 2 h 43 min (138,0 km). Since Ficksburg is where the Maputsoe bridge border post is, I hope that helps.

Reply
Roxanne
6/10/2016 10:43:13 am

Lindsay, from Castleburn you'd have to get yourself to Himeville and from there the road goes up into the mountains, joining with Sani Pass. You can get to Katse Dam that way, but it's a long drive. When we did it in 2012 the roads were really rough and slow but I believe a lot of them have been tarred now. Perhaps someone else in this thread can confirm?

Reply
Bokang
11/10/2016 02:53:35 pm

I'm going there December, thank you Roxane for salling Lesotho to the world I'm from Leribe

Reply
Roxanne
11/10/2016 03:30:04 pm

Enjoy your trip, Bokang. It's easy to love Lesotho, its cool weather and its people.

Reply
Palesa
3/11/2016 01:07:16 pm

There is this great place called aloes guest house and it's about half way from Katse Dam , Afriskii and Maseru just in case you need a little rest for a night or some refreshments. It is located in Pitseng , London

Reply
Roxanne
4/11/2016 07:17:17 am

Thanks for that hint, Palesa. Good to know.

Reply
Anita Dessington
6/9/2020 09:04:52 pm

Hi Palesa, Were you there between 1990- 2002?

Reply
muzi
6/12/2016 03:09:37 pm

mmmm what a lovely place and lovely people,i was there this past weekend,i must say theres too much respect and friedly staff at Katse Lodge,katse dam and spectecular views,

Reply
Roxanne
6/12/2016 08:25:17 pm

Super place, I agree, Muzi. Thanks for your comment.

Reply
Lerato K.
8/4/2017 02:28:30 am

Hi Roxanne...Both my parents were born in Lesotho but raised in RSA and am ashamed 2 say I didn't like Lesotho much until my dad'said passing away & was brought 2 Lesotho as his final resting place.... He loved his country so much and am starting 2 understand why.....am organising a trip 2 Katse dam in November 2017 for me & my colleagues....can I get more advices relating 2 d tour pls....

Reply
Roxanne
8/4/2017 12:35:13 pm

So good to hear that you're getting to know your ancestral land, Lerato. I'm afraid that I just did the tour as a visitor so don't know anything more than what I put in the last paragraph of this blog post (days and times). But I've just Googled it and came up with this website that gives a phone number for the tours, so perhaps you could phone them to find out: http://www.golesotho.co.za/Katse%20Dam.html
Hope you have a wonderful trip.

Reply
Taran
5/6/2017 02:50:32 pm

what are the diving arrangements in the dam

Reply
Roxanne
5/6/2017 03:09:25 pm

I didn't think you were allowed to dive in the dam so Google would be able to help you better than I can, Taran.

Reply
Bob
10/7/2017 05:04:51 pm

On past visits, driving across the dam wall was not allowed.

Greg link
1/12/2017 11:51:22 am

We do regular tours to the dam for motorcycle groups - the last was this past weekend. The roads are still very good - the communities along the road are paid to maintain them, and the trip is still a 'bucket-list' route for anyone. One point to note is that the Dam tour is now R30.00 (since June 2017) per person, but still very interesting. Distance from Johannesburg is around 457km - stay at the Lodge until March next year when it reverts mostly to a construction camp for phase two. Fuel available about ten km's from the Lodge, and cheaper than SA. Great blog with good info. Thanks

Reply
Roxanne
1/12/2017 02:23:59 pm

Thanks for this comment and update, Greg. I'm sure doing the trip on motor bikes would be a bucket list tick for many people. Thanks for the tip about the hotel becoming a construction camp again in March 2018.

Reply
Andre link
4/1/2018 12:17:51 pm

Please advise on how to book at the tourism centre for a dam wall visit on 6 January 2018

Reply
Roxanne
4/1/2018 05:01:43 pm

I think you'd have to ask them, Andre. If you don't get any success finding a contact number for Katse Dam tours themselves, try Googling the Katse Hotel, who may be able to help with a telephone number.

Reply
Cobus
28/2/2018 10:07:27 am

What was the maximum concrete poring rate m3/hour?

Reply
Roxanne
28/2/2018 10:35:35 am

I'm afraid I have no idea, Cobus. I do know that they used to deliver the concrete day and night at a rate of 6,000 cubic metres per 20 hour shift.

Reply
Richard Leaning
18/4/2023 12:57:19 pm

I can't remember exactly but we had two 9m3 skips delivering the concrete via a cable system (blondin) and regularly placed in excess of 100,000m3 per month. I think the biggest pour we did was about 2,500m3 for one of the base blocks

Joseph
3/9/2018 12:18:27 pm

Hi everyone,

Does anyone know why they built the Katse dam? I’m doing an essay and it requires to have the reasoning of the construction.

Thanks

Reply
Roxanne
3/9/2018 01:34:31 pm

It was built to supplement the water supply to South Africa, Joseph. You can simply Google your question for any more info you might need.

Reply
Anita Dessington
6/9/2020 08:27:07 pm

What a great site to make people aware of the most beautiful mountain kingdom! We lived there for 12 years .. which was supposed to be just a 15 month contract😄 Our daughter was just 2 months old when we arrived in Butha Buthe, later moved on to Ha Lejone and after that Katse when she was 12 we left....what a way to live your first 12 years of your life. We were blessed!! We made great friends with different cultures from all over the world. Try and plan more than one trip to experience summer and winter! Breathtaking views and a birdlive that gives you goosebumps. If you've got a 4x4 you can go beyond the point where the locals tells you "only by horse or by foot" 😅 that's now if you've got the nerve for it... What a great place!!!!

Reply
Roxanne
8/9/2020 11:25:59 am

What a lucky girl your daughter is, Anita. Lesotho is a very beautiful country and I'm sure you all loved your time there.

Reply
Eric Hayman
20/7/2021 11:41:28 am

Anita – I was manager of the Crocodile Inn at Butha Buthe from 1969 to 1970. I then worked on the survey for the dam project, building access tracks for the drill rigs to determine the interface between the basalt and the sandstone, for where the tunnels to take the water would be driven. I was also instrumental in the construction of the Pelaneng airstrip – now abandoned after the one nearer the Katse Dam was completed. With civil engineer George Hallowes, we lived up in the Maluti Mountains, staying with an Afrikaner trading store keeper at Pelaneng, or in tents. And driving in Land-Rovers over the 1 in 4 rocky Letele Pass.

Another job was constructing triangulation points on which to take theodolite bearings. Building each involved using mules to carry dry concrete and water to the tops in the mountains, erecting a pyramid-shaped former into which to pour the mixed concrete, and inserting a marker pole and vane for visibility.

After my time with Binnie & Partners on the project, I joined the Mines Department on a kimberlite survey – again living in tents (and a caravan) in the Malutis and the lowlands, and using horses and mules.

I have just been looking on Google Maps at the state of the derelict Pelaneng airstrip, and thinking of my work building it. Then I look at the aerial photos of the dam and think – yes, there’s a lot of me in that!

Reply
Roxanne
20/7/2021 04:05:50 pm

Thanks for your insights and memories, Eric. How much has changed since Chinese engineers and road builders have worked on a network of new tar passes around the country.

Mohanuoa Pelesa
1/12/2020 06:41:00 pm

It is really interesting to read your blog however i personally have a misunderstanding about the 25million which is earned by Lestho to South Africa for supplying it with water..

Reply
Roxanne
2/12/2020 10:17:14 am

Thanks for your comment. That is what we were told when we toured the Katse Dam info centre in 2012. If it's not correct and you can point to a verified source saying otherwise, I'd love it if you would drop a link.

Reply
Tumi Adams
5/2/2021 11:51:17 am

Hi Roxanne,

Thank you very much for coming up with this blog, it is really helpful as it gives insightful information about this majestic Kingdom and her people.You are a great ambassador of Katse dam. Nobody can regret decision to visit Katse dam!!!
God bless you, you are doing a great job.

Reply
Roxanne Reid
5/2/2021 11:57:47 am

Thanks for reading and for your comment, Tumi. We love beautiful Lesotho and found the Katse tour fascinating.

Reply
Les
22/4/2021 09:54:06 am

Hi Roxanne
My wife and I from SA would like to book a dam tour sometime in June/July 2021. Do you think tours will be happening then?

tks
Les

Reply
Roxanne
22/4/2021 10:34:56 am

I have no way of knowing that, Les. I suggest you try Googling to find contact details for Katse Dam tours themselves. Alternatively, Lesotho Tourism might have a better idea of what's likely to be open and when, https://www.visitlesotho.travel/

Reply
Sechaba Khanye
21/2/2023 06:12:21 am

I've been to Lesotho several times.I love the place so much.If I had money I was gonna relocate to Lesotho permanently.Each time we go visit butha buthe they only say I haven't seen anything til I visit katse.After listening to the comments here I definitely want to visit that place.My granny told me alot about Lesotho when we were young.She wrote a song for Basotho "Thapelo ya Basotho" BY St moses choir.Lesotho and it's people are phenomenal

Reply
Roxanne Reid
23/2/2023 09:07:32 am

I also love Lesotho a lot. So many super places to explore. Your granny sounds like a smart woman - it's important to pass down stories. You must get to Katse one day, it's pretty impressive.

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